Single Cow Distillation User Guide

Overview

The Single Cow Adapter is a key component in short path distillation assemblies, allowing operators to direct the condensate flow toward a single receiving flask. It features one receiving arm, a vacuum take-off port, and a central ground joint for vertical column integration.

This adapter is best suited for simplified setups where only one collection path is needed — ideal for small-batch distillation, single-compound separation, or test runs. The built-in vacuum port enables system pressure control without requiring additional adapters or manifolds.

Component Breakdown

• Top Joint: Connects to condenser or still head (usually 24/40)

• Receiving Arm: Connects directly to a single collection flask

• Vacuum Port: Side arm for vacuum line attachment (typically 8 mm or GL14 threaded)

• Lower Joint: Connects to the distillation flask or boiling flask

Step-by-Step Setup

1. Assemble Glassware

   • Connect the lower joint of the single cow adapter to your boiling or distillation flask

   • Attach the top joint to your condenser head or distillation column

   • Fit a receiving flask to the side arm (ensure matching joint size)

2. Connect Vacuum Line

   • Attach your vacuum hose to the vacuum port using the correct size fitting (e.g., GL14 or 8mm barb)

   • Secure with a hose clamp or threaded collar

3. Secure Joints

   • Use joint clips (Keck clamps) to stabilise all ground glass connections

   • Ensure joints are clean and lightly greased (if required by your protocol)

4. System Leak Check

   • Apply gentle vacuum and check for leaks around joints

   • Tighten connections or replace gaskets as needed

5. Begin Distillation

   • Start heating your source flask gradually

   • Monitor vapour movement through the head and into the condenser

   • Condensate will collect directly into the single receiving flask

Best Practices

• Always check compatibility of joints (e.g. 24/40) before assembly

• Never over-tighten fittings or glassware to avoid breakage

• Keep vacuum port clean and free of residual build-up

• Ensure your vacuum pump is compatible with your system’s pressure and temperature needs

• Label your receiving flask clearly if handling multiple compounds or fractions

Cleaning & Maintenance

• Allow all glassware to cool before disassembly

• Rinse with warm water followed by appropriate lab-grade detergent

• Use isopropyl alcohol or acetone to remove residue if necessary

• Dry completely before storage

• Store in padded compartments to avoid breakage

Safety Notes

• Always wear gloves and eye protection when handling heated or pressurised glassware

• Use in a fume hood or well-ventilated environment

• Check vacuum tubing and seals regularly for wear or cracks

• Never operate under vacuum with damaged glassware